original description
Lawrence, R. F. (1965). New Spirostreptidae and Harpagophoridae from Southern Africa. Memorias Instituto de Investigacao Cientifica de Mocambique, 7(A): 21-63. Courenco Margues
page(s): 32-34, figs. 3, 5a [details]
additional source
Hamer, M. L. (1998). Checklist of Southern African millipedes (Myriapoda: Diplopoda). Annals of the Natal Museum, 39: 11-82
page(s): 47 [details]
additional source
Hamer, M. L. (1999). An illustrated key to the spirostreptidan (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida) genera of Southern Africa. Annals of the Natal Museum, 40: 1-22
page(s): 10; note: collum and gonopods ilustrated in key [details]
additional source
Armstrong, A. J.; Hamer, M. L. (2015). English Names of the Millipedes (Diplopoda) of KwaZulu-Natal. <em>African Invertebrates.</em> 56(1): 147-159., available online at https://doi.org/10.5733/afin.056.0111
page(s): 155 [details]
additional source
Krabbe, E. (1982). Systematik der Spirostreptidae (Diplopoda, Spirostreptomorpha). Abhandlungen und Verhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg (N.F.), 24: 1-476. Hamburg
page(s): 108 [details]
From editor or global species database