original descriptionCarl, J. (1919). Revision de quelques Spirobolides du Muséum de Genève. Revue suisse de Zoologie, 27(12): 377-404. Genève page(s): 399 [details]
additional sourceHoffman, R. L. (1999). Checklist of the millipedes of North and Middle America. <em>Virginia Museum of Natural History, special publication.</em> 8: 1-584.[details]
additional sourceKeeton, W. T. (1960). A new family of millipeds of the order Spirobolida, with notes on an established family. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 73: 131-140[details]